LOQU: Groundbreaking Speech Tech for the Speechless

Context

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT-G) have achieved breakthrough in speech technology by developing and patenting “LOQU,” a novel method to generate human speech signals directly from vocal cord vibration signals. This innovative approach allows for the reconstruction of speech signals from vocal cord vibrations, offering promising applications for speech-impaired individuals and medical settings.

Speech Production and Vocal Fold Vibration

• Speech production begins with airflow from the lungs through the windpipe, facilitated by the larynx or voice box.
• Inside the larynx, vocal cords or vocal folds are regulated by the glottis, controlling airflow between the lungs and mouth.
• During speech, vocal folds vibrate due to intrinsic laryngeal muscle movement, creating sounds that travel through the vocal tract and form “voice.”

About LOQU Technology

• Under the guidance of Prof. Samarendra Dandapat and Dr. L.N. Sharma, the IIT-G team created “LOQU” (derived from the Latin word for “To speak or talk”).
• LOQU technology captures vocal fold movement without invasive procedures, utilising sensors placed over the throat.
• The method involves capturing vocal fold vibrations using non-invasive sensors and processing these signals electronically to generate speech harmonics.

Reconstructed Speech Signals and Potential Applications

• Exhaustive comparison tests have certified the quality and similarity of speech signals that are reconstructions using LOQU technology to traditional speech means.
• These findings promise positive outcomes for individuals having speech impairment as they can now employ the devices instead of conventional microphones for better speech clarity.
• LOQU is a game-changer in the field of speech technology since it can empower people with communication disabilities and will lead to innovations in the medical field and communication sector.
• Technology is able to rebuild speech signals directly from vocal cord vibrations which lead to new solutions especially for people with speech impairment.
• The LOQU innovation can be viewed as the actualization of a significant milestone in the support of individuals with speech impairments and increased output in the field of healthcare and communication.

Prototype and Patented Technology

• The prototype of LOQU has been developed on a laboratory scale at a cost of under Rs. 2,000. The technology has been patented (Indian Patent No.: 510923, Grant Date: 15/02/2024, App No. 201831006870). 
• Ongoing clinical testing aims to further validate its effectiveness and explore diverse applications in medical and communication fields.

Additional Facts

• Speech impairments can result from various conditions, such as mutism from apraxia, where individuals may have normal vocal fold vibration without sound production due to coordination issues in tongue or throat muscles. 
• Traditional speech reconstruction methods often involve invasive procedures or the use of external microphones, which may not be suitable for all individuals with speech impairments.

Conclusion

LOQU, a pioneering technology from IIT-G, extracts human speech signals directly from vocal cord vibrations, aiding speech-impaired individuals. Developed under Prof. Samarendra Dandapat and Dr. L.N. Sharma’s guidance, LOQU captures vocal fold vibrations non-invasively and processes them electronically, offering a clear alternative to traditional methods. Patented and cost-effective, the prototype aims to revolutionise speech reconstruction with ongoing clinical validation. LOQU promises impactful advancements in medical and communication domains, providing hope for those with speech impairments.

Source:  ET

UPSC Mains Practice Question

Q. Describe the breakthrough achieved by researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT-G) in the field of speech technology. How does their innovation, known as “LOQU,” work, and what potential applications does it offer? Explain the significance of LOQU in aiding individuals with speech impairments and its implications for the medical and communication sectors.

Download as PDF