Context- In an Indian study involving 266 children who had received the live, attenuated Chinese SA-14-14-2 vaccine for Japanese encephalitis, very low levels of neutralizing antibodies IgG were found at various time points following vaccination.
Key Highlights
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- The children who had been vaccinated showed lower levels of sero predation, according to the study.
- Seroprotection is an antibody response that can stop an infection from happening, like when a person gets vaccinated or has already been infected with a microorganism.
- There were no IgG antibodies against the virus in nearly 98% of the children who got the vaccine.
- A study conducted in Bangladesh, where children received the Chinese vaccine, produced comparable outcomes.
- In Relation to Other Vaccines:
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- In contrast, a study using an inactivated vaccine (Jenvac), which was developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with NIV Pune, demonstrated superior protection even after a single dose at the end of two years.
- Jenvac has been approved as a vaccine for a single dose.
- Two doses of Jenvac produced more antibodies than two doses of the Chinese vaccine, according to the November 2020 trial.
Japanese Encephalitis
- A viral infection known as Japanese Encephalitis (JE) can inflame the brain.
- Brought about by a flavivirus has a place with similar variety as dengue, yellow fever and West Nile infections.
- In India, the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is also frequently brought on by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).
Transmission:
- The disease is spread to humans through the bites of infected Culex mosquitoes.
- These mosquitoes mostly lay their eggs in rice fields and large bodies of water with a lot of aquatic vegetation.
Treatment:
- For JE patients, there is no antiviral treatment.
- Supportive treatment is available to alleviate symptoms and stabilize the patient.
Prevention:
- Protected and viable JE immunizations are accessible to forestall the sickness.
- The Indian government’s Universal Immunization Program also includes JE vaccination.
What is an antibody?
- About: The body’s immune system makes a protein called an antibody when it finds harmful substances called antigens.
- Types: IgG is the most common antibody in the blood and plays a crucial role in the biological defense system due to its powerful ability to bind to bacteria and toxins. There are five types of heavy chain constant regions in antibodies (immunoglobulin), and these are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. It is the only isotype that can pass through the placenta, and a newborn is protected by IgG that is transferred from the mother’s body.
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