India-Specific AI model for clearly give accurate age of Foetus

Context

In later stages of pregnancy, specific models of AI have been developed. The purpose, according to their creators, is to accurately estimate the gestational age for a developing foetus in India only.

About Foetus

• The formation and development of a foetus is a process that can be roughly divided into three periods, or trimesters, as they are commonly called.
• The first trimester of pregnancy spans from week one through week 12. The first twelve weeks leading into and covering vital organs, plays a large role in their formation. 
• Because male and female development are so different—that’s why getting to 13 weeks is most important to meet the foetus. Another period is watching as rapidly changing two-layered tissues start sprouting limbs, facial features and essential organs taking shape.
• Pregnancy’s second trimester, typically lasting from week 13 to week 28, is a stage in foetal development when the foetus grows both physically and mentally. A specific development mark in this cycle is during the baby jabs over for the first time, hints of what will be seen. 
• In addition, the foetus gains even more clear image like points from which to judge its beauty or otherwise- giving birth to a host of new vistas. Also at this time workers in the medical field can usually tell what sex the baby will be, injecting added excitement for moms and dads expecting children.
• During the third and final portion of a trimester baby’s life, the foetus will grow and develop at a rapid rate. 
• This period is especially key to big gains in weight; it also helps mature the main organs that are essential for labour. 

About this AI Mode

• Here, scientists from BRIC-THSTI Faridabad and IIT Madras combined to devise a specific method that can accurately estimate the gestational dates of foetuses during their last two trimesters in Indian women.
• The Garbhini-GA2 model is designed and validated with data from an Indian population, even its first in the world.
• The gestational age of a foetus has previously been determined using formulas that were originally intended for the Western world.
• For Indian women in late-stage pregnancy, however, these formulas may not reliably produce valid results. This is because foetal growth patterns differ considerably between different populations. 
• Therefore if the ratio is not right, then the revised Garbhini-GA2 model, besides aiming to cure this, may also offer a more accurate and individually fitted way of estimating gestational age for Indian women.

Importance of the AI Model

• The newly developed Garbhini-GA2 formula is highly effective in accurately determining the age of the foetus during the second and third trimesters for the Indian population, significantly reducing errors compared to previous methods. 
• Accurately determining the exact gestational age of a pregnant woman is essential for providing appropriate care and establishing accurate delivery dates.

Conclusion

• The need of this AI model is predominantly needed for the people and which is definitely a torch bearer in comparisons with traditional mode of age calculation.
• The dating of pregnancy by ultrasound is a method commonly used now to determine the gestational age of pregnancy. However, most women in India delay their first ultrasound until months. By using GA formulae specific to the Indian population, accuracy can be improved—which in grip means a better outcome for pregnancy. 
• These meticulously correct calculations will also make for more precise estimates of pregnancy outcomes by epidemiology in one country. Following further testing in field trials nationwide this Garbhini-GA2 formula can then be made a part of clinics everywhere in India, bringing the care experts want where they need it and at last cutting back death rates from pregnancy and perinatal complications.

Source: The Hindu

UPSC Mains Practice Question

Q.Critically evaluate the Socio-economic aspects of India-Specific AI Model for pregnancy (150 words).

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