Context
The Rajasthan Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Bill, 2025 received its first reading in the current Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Budget Session. The new legislation targets illegal religious conversions which happen through coercion or come after deception or through offer of incentives. Through this bill the state demonstrates its dedication to protect people’s rights while working to preserve community peace through conversion legislation.
Objectives of the Bill
The primary objectives of the bill are:
- The legislation aims to stop cases of illegal conversion which happen because of deceptive practices or coercion or force or threat or fraud or undue influence or allurement.
- The legislation aims to protect minors together with women and citizens who belong to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes from being forced to change their religious affiliation.
- The bill requires voluntary conversion procedures to be transparent by establishing mandatory advance notification.
Key Provisions
The bill incorporates several significant provisions aimed at curbing unlawful religious conversions:
- Cognizable and Non-Bailable Offences: The offences under this bill are classified as cognizable and non-bailable, meaning that they can be prosecuted without a warrant and are subject to strict penalties.
- Imprisonment and Fines:
- General Violations: Offenders can face imprisonment ranging from one to five years along with fines up to ₹15,000.
- Serious Violations: For violations involving minors or individuals from Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes, the punishment increases to two to ten years of imprisonment and fines up to ₹25,000.
- Mass Conversions: Those involved in mass conversions may face three to ten years in prison and fines up to ₹50,000.
- Mandatory Notification: People interested in religious conversion must provide an official declaration to District Magistrates about their intent at least 60 days before making the conversion.
- Burden of Proof: Proof of lawful conversion rests with those who arranged the conversion process as per law.
- Compensation for Victims: Under this bill victim compensation is established at ₹5 lakh which victims of unlawful conversion can receive through court decisions.
- Double Punishment for Repeat Offenders: The bill maintains a policy of double punishment toward those who commit multiple unlawful conversion offenses.
Rationale Behind the Bill
- Religious freedom integrity forms the foundation for initiating this legislation in India. The government has presented details about people who were tricked into changing their religion through fraudulent means. Rajasthan established this law because the state did not have existing legislation which protected people from unlawful religious conversions.
- The legislation intends to respect religious freedom rules from the constitution by addressing new challenges related to forced conversions. The bill states that freedom to switch religions exists but only when conversion comes without pressure or false information.
Criticism and Opposition
Despite its stated objectives, the bill has faced criticism from various quarters:
- Concerns Over Implementation: Several detractors oppose the bill because its inclusive definitions risk leading to abuse which threatens genuine voluntary conversion.
- Political Motivations: Members of the opposition party believe the government implements this legislation because it favors political objectives instead of resolving the genuine problems in forced conversions.
- Focus on Religious Propaganda: There are concerns that instead of tackling pressing social issues, the government is prioritizing religious matters which may distract from more urgent needs.
Conclusion
The Rajasthan Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Bill, 2025 represents a significant step towards regulating religious conversions within the state. While it aims to protect individuals from coercive practices and uphold their rights, it also raises important questions about implementation and potential misuse. As discussions continue within the legislative assembly, it remains crucial for stakeholders to balance the protection of religious freedom with safeguarding against unlawful practices. The outcome of this bill will likely influence similar legislative efforts across other states in India as they navigate the complex interplay between religion, law, and individual rights.
Source: The Hindu
UPSC Mains Practice Question
Q. Discuss the key provisions of Rajasthan’s Anti-Conversion Bill and analyze its implications on religious freedom, constitutional rights, and social harmony in India. (250 words)
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