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Daily Current Affairs for UPSC

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Syllabus- Science and Technology [GS Paper-3]

Context- New Research proposes that the stomach microbiome assumes a significant part in letting side effects free from mental imbalance range issues.

Key Highlights 

  • Numerous gastrointestinal issues, such as bloating, flatulence, constipation, and diarrhea, have been found in children with ASD.
  • Taking forward the learnings of the “second human genome project”, which has found that The stomach microbiome hugely affects safe adjustment and metabolic exercises. According to the findings of this study, abnormal antigen trafficking occurs when an imbalance in the gut biome causes an impaired intestinal barrier, allowing the antigens to reach the brain and triggering a series of events that make ASD symptoms worse.
  • The efforts made by the immune system to ensure that its response is proportional to a threat are referred to as immune modulation.
  • The researchers suggest that techniques like faecal microbial transplantation (FMT), which aim to restore balance in the gut microbiome, could lessen the number of issues children with ASD face and enhance their quality of life.
  •  A medical procedure known as fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) involves transplanting stools from healthy individuals into the large intestines of affected children in order to restore the microbiome’s equilibrium.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

  • The term “autism spectrum disorder” (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders in which children have difficulty interacting socially, lack the ability to communicate verbally and nonverbally, and exhibit restricted and repetitive behaviors.
  • These traits can have a negative impact on a person’s cognitive abilities and lower their quality of life over time.
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